Crushing rolls



Jan. 25, 1966 E. o. SPANGLER CRUSHING ROLLS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Aug. 1

INVENTOR. EDWARD O. SPANGLER ATTORNEY Jan. 25, 1966 E. o. SPANGLER 3,231,205

GRUSHING ROLLS Filed Aug. 1 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

39 EDWARD 0. SPANGLER 5 ZZMTFQW ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofiice 3,231,205 Patented Jan. 25, 1966 3,231,265 CRUSHING ROLLS Edward O. Spangler, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignor to Iowa Manufacturing Company, Cedar Rapids, Iowa Filed Aug. 1, 1963, 52:. No. 299,421 8 Claims. (til. 241-294) This invention concerns roll type crushers and particularly replaceable shells for the crushing rolls thereof.

Inasmuch as the working surfaces of the crushing rolls of roll crushers are subject to relatively rapid wear, it is desirable that these surfaces be able to be renewed with as little expense and crusher shut-down time as possible. To this end crushing rolls are usually fashioned with an outer, annular roll shell removably mounted to an inner hub or spider, the latter being relatively permanently journaled in the crusher proper. The prior art abounds with numerous types of replaceable roll shells, generally in segmental form, and with numerous means by which they are secured to the inner hub or spider. The prior art has not, however, so far as known, provided means for securing the segments to the spider which at the same time accommodates the axial growth of the segments occurring during the use of the crushing rolls.

Such growth arises from the fact that the segments are usually fashioned from austenitic steels, such as Hadiield manganese steel, and thus are subject to flow and consequently work hardening of the crushing surfaces of the segments under crushing loads. If the mounting of the segments to the spider confines their axial growth, the segments tend to warp or bow in their axial plane, resulting in decreased segment life and efiiciency.

Accordingly, the chief object of the invention is the provision of simple but rugged and effective means to secure the replaceable segments of a roll shell to the spider or hub of a crushing roll, which means at the same time permits each segment to elongate or grow axially thereof under working loads and yet be easily and quickly replaced when necessary. Briefly summarized, the invention provides each segment of the roll shell with a lip at each end thereof extending radially inwards, the opposed inner walls of which overlap the end walls of the spider, thus locating the segment axially. Each lip in turn is provided with a pair of apertures therein which align with a similar pair of apertures in the respective spider end walls. Means are located in the aperture which, acting through the lips, exert a radially inwards force, clamping the segment securely to the spider and yet which at the same time are slidable in the spider end Wall apertures to accommodate axial flow of the segments. Such means at each end of the segment are independent of those at the other end and of the spider so that there is no tying together of the segment ends, as is typical in prior art devices. In their perferred form the means utilized in the invention comprise a block in each spider end wall aperture and slidable therein to project into the lip aperture in alignment therewith. The outer end of the radially inwardly facing wall of the block is shaped with a suitable ramp engaging a complementary ramp in the lip aperture so that as the block is drawn into the lip aperture the segment is tightly clamped down upon the spider. A headed bolt, extending through a clamp plate on the outer face of the lip and the lip aperture itself, is threaded into the block and provides suitable means for drawing the block and its ramp outwardly into engagement with the ramp of the lip aperture and for maintaining the ramp so engaged. Consequently, since the blocks at each end of the segment are independent of those at the other end and are relatively slidable in their respective end wall apertures even when tightly engaged with the ips of the segment, either end or" the latter is thus movable axially without regard to the other end or to the spider, whereby any axial flow of the segment is accommodated. At the same tirne the segment is easily replaceable simply by removing the bolts and sliding the blocks back into their respective end wall apertures.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following, more detailed description of the preferred form thereof, read in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is an end view of a partially assembled crushing roll according to the present invention, certain portions being broken away;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of one end of an assembled crushing roll according to the present invention, a portion thereof being broken away;

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 44 of FIGURE 3; and

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIGURE 4.

Inasmuch as roll crushers are well known, there is no need to describe or illustrate them here, particularly since this invention concerns solely the crushing rolls themselves. The latter, as has been mentioned, each comprises essentially an inner hub or spider Ill, somewhat like that described in US. Patent 2,803,411, and an outer, annular roll shell composed of a number of identical, axially extending segments 11 disposed about spider 10 and circumferentially slightly spaced from each other. Spider 16 is an integral, generally cylindrical casting from suitable material, such as grey iron, having a smooth outer cylindrical wall 12 and a pair of end walls 13. The central portions of the latter are each somewhat inwardly dished and provided with a pair of opposed, axially inwardly extending bosses 14, axially machined to furnish suitable plain bores 15 upon which to mount spider 11}, while the remaining, thereby annular portions of end walls 13 are ground parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of bores 15. One or more keyways 16 are machined in bores 15 in order to fix spider 10 to the journals of the crusher roll shaft. Bosses 14 are tied to each other and to end walls 13 by means of several radially outwardly extending reinforcing ribs 17 spaced about bosses 14 and stretching axially between end walls 13. Outer cylindrical wall 12 of spider 10 is reinforced with respect to itself and to end walls .13 by means of several circumferentially equally spaced ribs 18a and 13b extending both radially inwardly from the inner surface of outer wall 12 to the outer rims of the dished portions of end walls 13 and axially between the latter. Ribs 17, 18a and 18b, of course, are preferably cast integral with outer wall 12 and end walls 13. The number of ribs r 18a and 18b is such as to impart sullicient strength to outer wall 12 and its adjacent end walls 13 to support segments 11 thereon. In the particular embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the roll shell is octally divided and it will be observed (see FIGURE 1) that the number and spacing of ribs 18a and 18b is such that a rib 18a lies directly beneath each pair of adjacent circumferential ends of segments 11 while a rib 18b lies directly beneath each segment 11 and in a radial plane bisecting the included angle between its circumferential ends.

Between each pair of ribs 18a, the side walls 13 of spider 10 are provided with opposite pairs of integrally cast, generally rectanglar apertures or openings 20 (only the pairs in one side wall 13 being illustrated) extending inwardly parallel to the axis of spider 1d and equally spaced on each side of the included rib 18b. Openings 2!) are so located on side walls 13 that the inner'portions of their radially inwardly facing side Walls 21 are constituted by the inner surface of outer wall 12 and the inner portions of their radially outwardly facing side walls 22 by axially parallel flanges 23 cast integrally with end walls 13 and extending inwardly from the radially inner margins of openings 20, whence an axial plane longitudinally bisects the side walls 21 and 22 of each opening 20. Each of the latter is additionally provided with a pair of axially parallel guide walls 24- iiush with the circumferentially disposed side walls of each opening and extending inwardly therefrom along the inner surface of outer wall 12, being formed on the opposed faces of a pair of short ribs 25 cast integrally with outer wall 12 and side walls 13. Fin-ally, just beyond and transversely of the inner end of each flange 23, a circumferentialiy extending rib 26 is integrally cast on the inner surface of outer Wall 12, projecting radially inward therefrom.

Each segment 11 is cast in an arcuate shape from suitable austenitic material and may be provided on its inner peripheral surface with a number of spaced, circumferentia-lly extending ribs 36 whose outer faces may be ground to provide a good seat for segments 11 upon spider 10. Segments 11 each overhang end walls 13 of spider 10 and are provided adjacent their outer ends with integral, radially inwardly projecting lips 31, axially spaced from each other and of sufficient radial and circumferential extent so that they slidably overlap their respective adjacent pairs of openings 20 in end Walls 13. Lips 31 are preferably centrally disposed between the circumferential ends of segments 11 so that they are thereby transversely bisected by an axial plane through the respective included ribs 18b of spider 10. Each lip 31 in turn is aperturecl to provide a pair of rectangular openings 32, the walls of which are substantially flush with those of openings 2%. However, the radially outwardly facing walls of openings 32 are formed to provide inclined ramps 33 extending from the outer margins of openings 2d outwardly toward the working surfaces of segments 11. A suitable ramp angle has proved to be about 17 /2 degrees with respect to the axis of spider Eli).

Wedge blocks 34, of generally rectangular section, are provided to be a close sliding fit in openings 20 and of such length that they are wholly contained within openings 2d when their inner ends abut ribs 26. The radially inwardly facing walls of blocks 34 are provided at their outer ends with ramps 35, complementary to ramps 33, of such length that when blocks 34 are slid outwardly in their respective openings 20 ramps 33 and 35 engage Well before the outer ends of blocks 34 are flush with the outer faces of lips 31. Each block 34 is longitudinally bored at 36, the outer half or so of bores '36 being internally threaded. A rectangular clamp plate or vbar 37 is disposed on the outer face of each lip 31 and across openings 32, the inner face of each bar 37 being provided with two pairs of rectangular legs 38, projecting axially inwards and circumferentially spaced so that each pair straddles one of openings 32. Clamp bars 37 in turn are bored in alignment with bores 36 of blocks 34 and suitable capscrews 39 and lockwashers 40 are inserted therethrough into bores 36 and turned up tightly therein. Accordingly, wedge blocks 34 are drawn outwardly from openings 20 into openings 32 until ramps 33 and 35 engage. Further tightening of capscrews 39 draws each end of segments 11 radially inwardly upon spider 10 by virtue of the action of ramps 33 and 35 and the reaction of blocks 34 upon side walls 21 and 22 of openings 20. Since each pair of blocks at each end of segments 11 is neither directly connected to that at the other end nor restrained, relatively speaking, against movement in openings 20 axially of spider 10, e1ongation of segments 11 under wroking loads are accommodated by slidable movement of blocks 34 outwards from openings 20 with substantially no decrease in the radially inwardly acting forces clamping the ends of segments 11 to spider 10.

Removal of segments 11 from spider it) is easily and quickly accomplished. Capscrews 39 and lockwashers 40 are first removed, then clampbar 37. locks 34 are merely pushed back into openings 20 until checked by ribs 26, the latter preventing blocks 34 from being pushed so far that they fall within spider 1t). Segments 11 may be then merely lifted oil and replaced with new ones, after which clampbars 37, oapscrews 39 and washers 40 are reinstalled.

Although the invention has been described with regard to a particular embodiment and detailed descriptive language has been used, it is not thereby intended to be limited thereto. Instead the following claims are to be read as encompassing all modifications and adaptations falling within the scope and spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A crushing roll for use in a roll type crusher, said roll comp-rising an inner, generally cylindrical spider having oppositely disposed end walls and rotatable about its axis, and an outer, generally annular roil shell secured to said spider and concentrically encompassing the periphery thereof, said shell being formed of a plurality of identical, axially extending arcuate segments, each of said segments having a lip adjacent each axial end thereof extending radially inwardly and overlapping the respective end walls of said spider in order to locate said segment axially with respect thereto while permitting removal of said segment from said spider by outward movement radially thereof, each of said lips and its re spective end Wall of said spider having at least one axially extending aperture in each aligned with each other, and releasable means disposed in said apertures and radially operative between the radially outwardly facing side wall of said lip aperture and the radially facing side walls of said end wall aperture to clamp each axial end of said segment to the peripheral surface of said spider, said means at one axial end of said segment being releasably secured against axial movement relative to its respective lip aperture while being axially movable in its respective end wall aperture relative to and independently of both said means at the other axial end of said segment and said spider in order to accommodate axial growth of said segment. 7

2. The device of claim 1 wherein each of said lips and its respective end wall of said spider is provided with a pair of said apertures therein disposed on opposite sides of and circumferentially equally spaced from an axial plane bisecting the included angle between the circumferential ends of said segment.

3. The device of claim ll wherein said means comprise an inclined ramp on the radially outwardly facing side wall of said lip aperture, said ramp inclining from the innor axially facing wall of said lip axially outwardly therefrom toward the outer cylindrical surface of said segment, a wedge block disposed within said end wall aperture having its inwardly and outwardly radially facing side walls engaging their respective side walls of said end wall aperture, said block being slidable outwardly from said end wall aperture to extend into said lip aperture and having its radially inwardly facing side wall formed to provide an inclined ramp complementary to and at the same time slidably engaging said lip ramp, and releasable means operative between said block and the outer axially facing wall of said lip to maintain said ramps in tight, wedged engagement.

4. The device of claim 3 wherein said last named means include a clamp bar having opposite axially facing walls and overlying said lip aperture with one of its said walls engaging the outer axially facing wall of said lip, said bar having an aperture therein and said block having a threaded bore therein, each aligned with each other and with said lip aperture, and bolt means operative between said bore and the other wall of said bar.

5. A segment of an outer annular roll shell for use with an inner, generally cylindrical spider having oppositely disposed end walls and rotatable about its axis, said end walls having opposite pairs of axially extending apertures spaced radially inwardly from the periphery of said spider, the apertures of each pair being closely spaced circumferentially from each other and equally spaced inwardly from the periphery of said spider, said segment comprising an arcuate, plate-like member concentric with and adapted to be secured to and partially encompass said spider, the included angle between the circumferential ends of said segment being greater than the included angle between each pair of said spider apertures, said segment having a lip adjacent each axial end thereof extending radially inwardly therefrom, the opposed inner axially facing walls of said lips being spaced and sufiiciently extensive to slidably overlap said spider end walls and each pair of said apertures therein, said lips each having a pair of axially extending apertures therein adapted to align with the apertures in one of said spider end walls when said segment is operatively positioned upon said spider, the apertures in each lip being disposed on opposite sides of and circumferential'ly equally spaced from an axial plane vbisecting the included angle between the circumferential ends of said segment, each of said lip apertures having an inclined ramp on the radially outwardly facing side wall thereof, said ramp inclining from the inner, axially facing wall of said lip axially outwardly therefrom toward the outer cylindrical surface of said segment.

6. In a crushing roll for use in a roll type crusher having an inner, generally cylindrical spider provided with oppositely disposed end walls and rotatable about its axis, and an outer, generally annular roll shell secured to said spider and concentrically encompassing the periphery thereof, said shell being formed of a plurality of axially extending segments, each of said segments having a lip adjacent each axial end thereof extending radially inwardly in overlapping relationship to the respective end walls of said spider while permitting radially outwardly directed removal of said segment from said spider, each of said lips and its respective end wall of said spider having at least one pair of aligned, axially extending apertures therein, the improvement comprising means disposed in each pair of said apertures, each of said means being operative between its respective lip and end wall apertures effective to releasa'bly draw each axial end of said segment radially inwardly against the outer peripheral surface of said spider, said means at each axial end of said segment when secured as aforesaid being axially movable relative to one of its said apertures independently of both said means at the other axial end of said segment and said spider in order to accommodate axial growth of said segment 7. In a crushing roll for use in a roll type crusher having an inner, generally cylindrical spider provided with oppositely disposed end walls and rotatable about its axis, and an outer, generally annular roll shell secured to said spider and concentrically encompassing the periphery thereof, said shell being formed of a plurality of axially extending segments, each of said segments having a lip adjacent each axial end thereof extending radially inwardly in overlapping relationship to the respective end walls of said spider while permitting radially outwardly directed removal of said segment from said spider, each of said lips and its respective end wall of said spider having at least one pair of aligned, axially extending apertures therein, the improvement comprising a block disposed in each pair of said apertures and operative between the radially outwardly facing wall portions of said lip apertures and the radially facing wall portions of said end wall apertures eifective to releasably force each axial end of said segment radially inwardly against the outer peripheral surface of said spider, said block at each axial end of said segment being releasably fixed to its respective lip while being axially slidable in its respective end wall aperture relative to and independently of bot-h said block at the other axial end of said segment and said spider in order to accommodate axial growth of said segment.

8. In a crushing roll for use in a roll type crusher having an inner, generally cylindrical spider provided with oppositely disposed end walls and rotatable about its axis, and an outer, generally annular roll shell secured to said spider and concentrically encompassing the periphery thereof, said shell being formed of a plurality of axially extending segments, each of said segments having a lip adjacent each axial end thereof extending radially inwardly in overlapping relationship to the respective end walls of said spider while permitting radially outwardly directed removal of said segment from said spider, each of said lips and its respective end wall of said spider having at least one pair of aligned, axially extending apertures therein, the improvement comprising a block disposed in each pair of said apertures and operative between the radially outwardly facing wall portions of said apertures effective to releasably force each axial end of said segment radially inwardly against the outer peripheral surface of said spider, said block in each pair of said apertures being releasably fixed to one of its respective lip and end wall apertures while being axially slidable in the other of its respective lip and end wall apertures in order to accommodate axial growth of said segment relative to and independently of both said blocks at the other axial end of said segment and said spider.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,390,019 9/1921 Buchanan 241294 1,410,546 3/ 1922 Battey 241-294 2,242,533 5/ 1941 Meighan 29428 2,269,552 1/1942 Ratkowski et al 241-294 2,803,411 8/ 1957 Pollitz 241--294 2,854,742 10/ 1958 Guild 29428 ROBERT C. RIORDON, Primary Examiner.

WILLIAM W. DYER, J. SPENCER OVERHOLSER,

Examiners. 

6. IN A CRUSHING ROLL FOR USE IN A ROLL TYPE CRUSHER HAVING AN INNER, GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL SPIDER PROVIDED WITH OPPOSITELY DISPOSED END WALLS AND ROTATABLE ABOUT ITS AXIS, AND AN OUTER, GENERALLY ANNULAR ROLL SHELL SECURED TO SAID SPIDER AND CONCENTRICALLY ENCOMPASSING THE PERIPHERY THEREOF, SAID SHELL BEING FORMED OF A PLURALITY OF AXISLLY EXTENDING SEGMENTS, EACH OF SAID SEGMENTS HAVING A LIP ADJACENT EACH AXIAL END THEREOF EXTENDING RADIALLY INWARDLY IN OVERLAPPING RELATIONSHIP TO THE RESPECTIVE END WALLS OF SAID SPIDER WHILE PERMITTING RADIALLY OUTWARDLY DIRECTED REMOVAL OF SAID SEGMENT FROM SAID SPIDER, EACH OF SAID LIPS AND ITS RESPECTIVE END WALL OF SAID SPIDER HAVING AT LEAST ONE PAIR OF ALIGNED, AXIALLY EXTENDING APERTURES THEREIN, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING MEANS DISPOSED IN EACH PAIR OF SAID APERTURES, EACH OF SAID MEANS BEING OPERATIVE BETWEEN ITS RESPECTIVE LIP AND END WALL APERTURES EFFECTIVE TO RELEASABLY DRAW EACH AXIAL END OF SAID SEGMENT RADIALLY INWARDLY AGAINST THE OUTER PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF SAID SPIDER, SAID MEANS AT EACH AXIAL END OF SAID SEGMENT WHEN SECURED AS AFORESAID BEING AXIALLY MOVABLE RELATIVE TO ONE OF ITS SAID APERTURES INDEPENDENTLY OF BOTH SAID MEANS AT THE OTHER AXIAL END OF SAID SEGMENT AND SAID SPIDER IN ORDER TO ACCOMMODATE AXIAL GROWTH OF SAID SEGMENT. 